Improvement in furnaces for the manufacture of bone-black



e. P. ocvKERsHAusEN. FURNAUES FOR THE MANFACTURE BONE-BLACK.

No. 173,989; I Patented Feb. 22, 1874s.

` ".PETERs. Pnoroiumoemmn, WASHINGTON'. D. c.

UNITED STATns PATENT Ornrcn GEORGE P. OOKERSHAUSEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT lN FURNACES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BONE-BLACK.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 173,389, dated February-22, 1876; application filed December 18, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

'New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns for Revivifying Bone-black; and I do hereby declare that the A following is a full, clear, and exact description of thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawing which forms part of this specification.

The invention consists in a combination, in a bone-black kiln, of one or more series of retorts and furnaces on both sides of each series ofretorts, whereby the latter, which may be of an oblong shape in their transverse section and have their narrowest sides in proximity to the furnaces, are more equally exposed to the action' of the heat. The invention also consists in a combination of aseries of retorts, with a furnace on each side of them, and an intermediate exit kiln-due surrounding the lower portions of the retorts, whereby a more extended or efficient action of the heat is ob tained. Furthermore, the invention consists in a combination of vertical and lateral dues betweencontiguous retorts, in like transverse v position relatively to the kiln; also in a combination of a through-flue in each or either retort, with upper or under tlues in the kiln. Likewise the invention consists in a compound retort divided vertically, and composed of two distinct sections or separate retorts, as distinguished from a single retort, having a vertical partition in it dividing it into two compartments, whereby the section most exposed to or injured by the lire may be renewed without disturbing the other section, and the taking out and turning' of the retort as ordinarily, and frequently uselessly, done with the cus'- .tomary single retort is dispensed with.

Figure 1 represents an irregular vertical longitudinal section of a kiln in part, and series or bench of retorts, constructed and arranged in accordance with my invention Fig.

2, a transversesection through the kiln infront of one of lmy improved compound retorts. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through one of said retorts, and Fig. 4 a horizontal section thereof on the line :c m.

" A is a bone-black kiln, having one or more series of vertical retorts, each of which is represented by the letters B B'. These retorts may be of the usual elliptical or oblong shape in their transverse section, and the kiln is iit` ted with duplicate grates or furnaces C G, arranged on opposite sides ot the retorts, which present their narrowest sides to the tires. By this arrangement of furnaces on both or opposite sides of the retort, the latter and its contents are more uniformly heated, and the burning out of the retort on its one side, while the 'other remains comparatively uninjured, is avoided. This will be apparent when it is considered that the heat of the furnacesron oppositesidesot the same retort or series o f retorts is applied directly to the latter, or, in other Words, theopposite sides of each retort are separately exposed to a separate and direct furnace action, and not to a direct furnace exposure on the one side and indirect furnace action on the other, thus providing for the uniform burning of the whole mass from opposite sides of each retort. The kiln is here represented as containing a series of retorts with a furnace on each side, and constructed with an intermediate exit-nue, D, surroundving thelower parts of the retorts, the gaseous products of combustion passing to said exit.

liue after action upon the upper portions of the retorts, and, under certain' constructions of the latter, ou the interior of the retorts, thus extending the action of the gaseous products of the furnaces on the retorts and economizing fuel'. Each retort B B may be constructed to constitute two separate retorts, and a peculiar construction whereby it is made to do so will be hereinafter described. Be-

tween these separate retorts I propose to arfurnace or furnaces, first through either lat-A eral flue F, then down the vertical flue E, and lafterward out through the lateral nues G,

which arrangement materially adds to. the economical applica-tion of the heat as regards the contents of the retorts. 'A through-flue is consequently formed in the retort, orbe tween the retorts, supposing the 'portions marked B B to constitute-separate retorts, and by combining this through-flue with the lower kiln-flue D the heat from the furnace or furnaces is still further economized, the products of combustion passing first through the main body or upper flue S of the kiln, then through the lateral lues F, down the vertical iiues E, and out through the lateral lues G into the lower exit-line D.

To avail myself of certain of these advantages, as well as to obtain others, it is proposed to make each retort B B a compound one, which is divided vertically, and composed of two distinct sections or separate retorts represented by the letters B B respectively, and to arrange the same in close contiguous relation with each other, but still to preserve their individuality, so thatthey in nowise are identical with a single retort having a vertical partition in it dividing it into two compartments, but are virtually and truly separate vretorts or retort-sections, either of which may be renewed without disturbing the other when the one section has been injured by the fire, while the other section remains comparatively unii'ijured. Consequently such compound retort is a very different thing to a single divided retort, and its utility is greatly superior to that ot' a single retort of the ordinary construction, which it is usual in practice to take out and'turn to expose opposite sides in succession to the action of the tire, but which, owing to the one side having been seriously injured, has often to be thrown away entirely. This compound retort may be constructed with the vertical flue E andlateral dues F G init,

that is halt' of said dues in the one retort-section and the other halt in the other section, the purpose of said ues being as hereinbefore stated, and the two retort-sections B B', fitting by'means of cheek-strips d d the one within the other, to hold said retort-sections in proper relation with each other.

I claim- 1. The combination, in a bone-black kiln, of one or more series of retorts and independent furnaces, arranged on opposite sides of each retort in a series, substantially as specified.

2. The combination ot' a series of retorts with a furnace, C, on each side of the same, and an intermediate exit-Hue D, surrounding the lower parts ot' the retorts, essentially as described.

3. The combination of the vertical and lateral tlues E F G between contiguous retorts, substantially as specied.

4. The retorts constructed with vertical and lateral lines in combination with the upper and lower kiln-dues S D, essentially as described.

5; The compound retort divided vertically, and composed of separate vertical retort-sections constituting independent retorts, subgtanltially as and for the purpose herein set ort GEORGE P. OGKERSHAUSEN.

. Witnesses:

BENJAMIN W. HOFFMAN, FRED. 'HAYNEs 

